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切纸机的上刀下刀调整技巧

 切纸机在裁切纸张时,由于各种因素往往会出现上刀、下刀现象(也称凸刀、凹刀现象),给印刷套准带来困难。在此对上刀、下刀现象的产生原因做一分析与总结。

  1.千斤压力不够  

  有两种情况:  

  (1)机械压力弹簧弹力不够。此时必须增大压力,如果增大到zui大位置时还不行,则需更换弹簧。注意:如果是多根弹簧中的一根断了,则需同时更换多根弹簧,否则也会出现压力不均、不够等现象,造成上刀、下刀现象。 

  (2)液压不足。即油路或油泵中的液压油不够,从而导致压力不足,此时需查明原因,对症下药。

  2.刀座与滑块之间的间隙过大 

  当磨损或调节不当,造成刀座与滑块之间的间隙过大(一般应为0.1mm),导致刀座不稳时,就会造成上刀、下刀现象。此时,需重新调节刀座与滑块之间的间隙。  

  3.刀钝 

  裁切时要掌握好切削量,要勤换刀,用快刀。如果刀过钝,则不但影响纸张裁切的质量,而且还会影响机器的精度和寿命,严重时还会发生机械事故  

  4.刀片的角度调节不正确 

  刀片的角度应根据被裁切纸张而定,薄、松、软的纸张,刀片角度要小,一般为25~30°;厚、实、硬的纸张,刀片角度要大,一般为30~35°。否则,容易出现上刀、下刀现象,并加快刀片钝化。  

  5.刀条原因 

  正常时刀条与平台平面平行。当刀条过高或过低时,也容易出现上刀、下刀现象。这时需调整刀条使其与平台平面平行。

  6.送纸器平面(俗称靠山)与平台平面不垂直

  送纸器平面(俗称靠山)与平台平面不垂直,发生上刀、下刀现象。需用角尺重新调试两平面的角度,使其为90°。

  7.刀座运动方向与送纸平台平面不垂直 

  如果刀座与滑块之间的间隙正好,则需调节平台平面使其与刀座运动方向垂直。一般,只需调节平台后面与地面支撑的支撑杆的高度即可。

  8.纸张原因

  当纸张出厂时间较短、较松软,纸张内滞留空气较多、不实,裁切时也易出现上刀、下刀现象。 

  9.操作原因 

  有两种情况:①操作时不压千斤,纸张定位后直接裁切,导致出现上刀、下刀现象。裁切时,应先压实千斤,之后再裁切;②向前推送纸堆时用力不足或用力过猛,纸张被弹回,造成歪斜出现上刀、下刀。裁切纸张时应规范操作。


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